Isesengura ry'ubushobozi bw'imodoka zitwara abagenzi zo mu Bushinwa zinjira ku isoko rya Chili

• Incamake y'Isoko:

Ukurikije ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, nubwo Chili atari isoko rinini cyane mu bunini bwayo, irahamye kandi ifite ibyago bike muri Amerika y'Epfo. Ibi bituma iba "ikimenyetso gikwiye cy'igerageza ku bigo by'Abashinwa mu gihe cyo kwagura ibicuruzwa byabo byoherezwa mu mahanga."

By'umwihariko, muri kimwe cya kabiriAkamashini gatwara ibintu Inganda, isoko muri rusange muri Chili rifite aho rigarukira, rihamye. Ugereranyije n'ibihugu bimwe na bimwe biri mu nzira y'amajyambere byishingikiriza ku kwaguka kw'ibikorwaremezo byihuse, icyifuzo cya Chili gituruka ahanini ku mikorere ihoraho ya sisitemu yacyo yo gutwara abantu n'ibintu aho kuba imishinga minini y'ubwubatsi mu gihe gito. Kubwibyo, isoko rigaragaza imiterere y'"isoko ry'imigabane" risanzwe.

Byongeye kandi, imiterere miremire kandi ifunganye ya Chili ifite imisozi miremire, ku rugero runaka, yagize ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwikorezi ndetse inazamura ibisabwa kugira ngo imodoka zikore neza. Muri uru rwego, nubwo isoko ritari rinini, ntirishobora gufatwa nk'isoko riciriritse.

• Imiterere y'Ibicuruzwa n'Ibikenewe

Ku ruhande rw'ibicuruzwa, ubushobozi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu cya Chili ni buke, kandi isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bitwara amapine menshi rishingiye cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ibi binagaragarira mu miterere y'ubucuruzi bwabyo, aho isoko rigaragaza urwego rwo hejuru rw'ibicuruzwa biva hanze ndetse n'aho ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byinjizwa cyane.

Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa, Brezili, n'ibihugu by'i Burayi ni byo bitanga ibicuruzwa by'ingenzi. Muri byo, ibigo by'Abashinwa bifite inyungu igaragara mu giciro, bityo bikaba bifite umugabane runaka ku isoko ryo hagati n'iryo hasi. Ibigo by'i Burayi ahanini biri ku isoko ryo hejuru, bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga n'izina ry'ikirango kugira ngo bigirire icyizere abakiriya. Brezili, bitewe n'aho iherereye n'imikoranire yayo mu bucuruzi mu karere, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko ryo hagati.

Ku ruhande rw'abashaka, isoko rya Chili ntirishingiye ku biciro gusa. Nubwo abakiriya bamwe bato n'abaciriritse bakunze kwita ku biciro byo kugura, amasosiyete y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'amasosiyete manini acuruza ibikoresho akunze kwibanda cyane ku guhagarara neza kw'ibicuruzwa n'ikiguzi cy'imikorere y'igihe kirekire. Kubwibyo, hari igabanywa ry'isoko risobanutse neza.

• Inkomoko y'Ubusabe

Ukurikije imiterere y'inganda, icyifuzo cy'imodoka nto muri Chili gifitanye isano rya hafi n'imiterere y'ubukungu bwazo.

Ubwa mbere, ubwikorezi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bufite uruhare runini. Nk'umwe mu bashora imari nini ku isi mu mahanga, Shili ifite icyifuzo gikomeye kandi gihoraho cy'ibikoresho bikomeye byo gutwara ibintu. Akadomo ko kujugunya imyandas na trailers zo mu bwoko bwa "low bed" zikoreshwa cyane muri uru rwego bitewe n'ubushobozi bwazo bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi.

Icya kabiri, ubwikorezi bw'ibyambu n'ubuhinzi nabyo bigira uruhare runini mu gukenerwa. Igihugu cya Shili gifite ubukungu bushingiye ku kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, aho ibicuruzwa nk'imbuto na divayi bisaba ubwikorezi bwiza binyuze mu byambu. Ibi byatumye ikoreshwa rya Akaravani gafite uburebure bugarin'imodoka zitwara amakontena. Mu bucuruzi, iki cyifuzo gifitanye isano itaziguye n'imiterere y'igihugu yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.

Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa “cold chain logistics” byateye imbere mu myaka ya vuba aha. Bitewe n’ibisabwa ku buziranenge bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu mahanga, icyifuzo cyo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwiza cyariyongereye, bituma hagenda hazamuka buhoro buhoro icyifuzo cy’imodoka zikonjesha zigendanwa. Nubwo umubare wazo ubu utari munini cyane, iterambere riragaragara.

• Ibisabwa ku bicuruzwa n'ibyo isoko rikunda

Bashingiye ku bunararibonye mu bucuruzi, abakiriya bo muri Chili ntibakurikirana igiciro gito cyane iyo bagura imodoka ntoya. Ahubwo bakunda ibicuruzwa bifite igiciro gikwiye ariko kandi byizewe mu bwiza.

Ku ruhande rumwe, ibi bifitanye isano n’imiterere y’ubwikorezi bwo mu gace utuyemo. Imihanda yo mu misozi isaba ko imodoka ziguma neza kandi zikagira imbaraga. Ku rundi ruhande, iterwa kandi n’imiterere y’abakiriya, kuko amasosiyete manini atwara abantu yibanda cyane ku gihe cyo kuyikoresha no kuyitunganya aho kwita ku giciro cyo kuyigura mbere.

Mu bijyanye n'imiterere y'imodoka, uburyo bwo gufunga feri no kugumana umutekano w'imodoka byagiye biba ibintu by'ibanze. Hagati aho, ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho by'icyuma bikomeye rirushaho kwemerwa ku isoko.

Kubwibyo, isoko rya Chili rishobora gufatwa nk'iry'"ishingiye ku bushobozi bw'ibiciro" aho gufatwa nk'"ishingiye ku biciro biri hasi".

• Ibidukikije by'Ubucuruzi n'Iterambere ry'Iterambere

Ku bijyanye n'ibidukikije by'ubucuruzi, Ubushinwa na Shili byasinye amasezerano y'ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu, atanga inyungu igaragara ku byoherezwa mu mahanga n'Ubushinwa. Kugabanuka kw'imisoro byongera ipiganwa ry'ibiciro ry'ibicuruzwa by'Ubushinwa.

Ariko, mu rundi ruhande, intera ndende zo kohereza ibicuruzwa no guhinduka kw'ibiciro by'ivunjisha nabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku nyungu nyazo. Kubwibyo, amasosiyete akenshi agomba gusiga inyungu runaka mu gihe atanga ibiciro.

Ku bijyanye n'iterambere, ku ruhande rumwe, hamwe no guteza imbere politiki zo kubungabunga ibidukikije, inganda zitwara abantu n'ibintu zirimo kwita cyane ku kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ibi bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho imiterere y'ibinyabiziga byoroheje. Ku rundi ruhande, amahame y'umutekano agenda atera imbere buhoro buhoro, ashyira imbere ibisabwa byinshi ku miterere y'ibicuruzwa.

Muri rusange, isoko ntiriteganijwe guhinduka cyane mu gihe gito, ariko rizajya rigenda rigana ku cyerekezo gisanzwe kandi gishingiye ku bwiza.

• Amahirwe yo Guhangana mu Guteza Imbere Ubutaka n'Ishoramari mu Kohereza mu mahanga

Kuri ubu, ipiganwa ku isoko rya Chili rirahagije, aho ibicuruzwa biva mu bihugu bitandukanye bifite inyungu zabyo mu byiciro bitandukanye by'ibiciro.

Ku bigo by’ubucuruzi byo mu Bushinwa, inyungu zabyo nyamukuru ziracyari mu biciro n’ubushobozi bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa. Ariko, niba bikomeje guhatana ku giciro gito gusa, umwanya wabo wo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa uzaba muto. Cyane cyane iyo bihanganye n’ibicuruzwa byo mu Burayi na Burezili, guhatana ku giciro byonyine bishobora kutagira icyo bikora.

Mu rwego rw'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, ingamba zishoboka zishobora kuba zirimo:

Ubwa mbere, kunoza imiterere y'ibicuruzwa mu gihe hagumana inyungu ku biciro kugira ngo hongerwe umusaruro w'ibiciro muri rusange;

Icya kabiri, gushyiraho abakozi bo mu gace cyangwa imiyoboro ya serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha kugira ngo bongere icyizere ku bakiriya;

Icya gatatu, kwagura amasoko y'abakiriya binyuze mu mbuga nkoranyambaga z'ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki.

• Umwanzuro

Muri rusange, nubwo isoko rya semi-trailer yo muri Chili ritari rinini, rifite imiterere isobanutse neza kandi rishingiye cyane ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ku ruhande rw'abashaka, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ni byo bintu by'ingenzi bituma isoko rirushaho kwibanda ku kuramba no guhagarara. Ku bigo by'Abashinwa, iri soko ritanga amahirwe n'imbogamizi. Nidukomeza kunoza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa hashingiwe ku nyungu z'ibiciro no kunoza buhoro buhoro sisitemu ya serivisi, haracyari amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa ku isoko rya Chili.