Ma semi-trailer makuru anowanzo pwanyika uye kugadzirisa———— kutadza kweinjini

Ⅰ. Maitiro ekutonga kana chikamu chikuru chehafu-Tirera ine kutadza kweinjini
1. Tarisa padashboard: Kana rambi remagetsi reinjini rikabatidzwa, zvinowanzoreva kuti pane dambudziko nerimwe remasystem kana zvikamu zveinjini.
2. Teererai ruzha rweinjini: mashandiro akajairika einjini akatsetseka uye akafanana, kana ukanzwa kugogodza, kukweshana kana ruzha zvisina kujairika, zvinogona kureva kuti pane dambudziko mukati meinjini.
3. Tarisa kuburitswa kwemhepo inobuda: Kana ruvara rwemhepo inobuda rwusina kujairika, senge utsi hutema, utsi hwebhuruu kana utsi huchena, zvinogona kuratidza kuti injini ine zvikanganiso zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, utsi hutema hunogona kunge husina mafuta akakwana, utsi hwebhuruu hunogona kunge huri mafuta anopinda mukamuri rinopisa, uye utsi huchena hunogona kunge huri chinhu chinotonhodza chinopinda musirindiri.
4. Inzwa mashandiro emotokari: kana simba reinjini rikadzikira zvakanyanya, rikakurumidza kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kana kuti richityaira, injini yacho ingangove yakakundikana.
5. Verenga kodhi yekukanganisa: Shandisa zvishandiso zvehunyanzvi zvekuongorora kuti uverenge kodhi yekukanganisa mukombuta yeinjini kuti unzwisise mhando nenzvimbo yekukanganisa.
Ⅱ. Zvinhu uye zvikonzero zvekukundikana kweinjini ye semi-trailer hombe
1. Mamiriro asina kunaka esystem yekutonhodza: ​​zvikanganiso zvinowanzo itika mumainjini emota, zvakaita se live cylinder, knock, cylinder punch leakage, ruzha rwakakomba, acceleration power drop, nezvimwewo, zvinokonzerwa nekushanda kusina kujairika kweinjini yemota, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, uye mamiriro asina kunaka esystem yekutonhodza. Mamiriro asina kunaka esystem yekutonhodza anotungamira zvakananga kuinjini isingashande patembiricha yakajairika, zvichiteverwa nechiitiko chakakomba chiri pamusoro apa.
2. Kuvharika kwefirita yemhepo: Sisitimu yekupinda muinjini inonyanya kuumbwa nezvikamu zviviri: firita yemhepo neinopinzwa. Zvichienderana nemamiriro akasiyana ekushandiswa, chinhu chefirita yemhepo chinofanira kucheneswa nguva nenguva, uye nzira inogona kushandiswa ndeyekufuridza guruva riri muchinhu chefirita kubva mukati kuenda kunze. Nekuti chinhu chefirita yemhepo ipepa, zvakakosha kutarisisa kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kuti isanyanya kukwira kana ichifefetera, kuitira kuti isakuvadze chinhu chefirita. Chinhu chefirita yemhepo chinofanira kutsiviwa nechimwe chitsva mushure mekuchenesa katatu, uye kutenderera kwekuchenesa kunogona kutsanangurwa nehunhu hwemhepo yenzvimbo yekutyaira yezuva nezuva.
3. Kuora kwemafuta uye firita yemafuta isina kunaka: hunhu hwemafuta emhando dzakasiyana dzemafuta ekuzora huchachinja panguva yekushandiswa. Mushure medaro rakati, mashandiro emotokari anoderera, izvo zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana kuinjini. Kuti zvisaitike izvi, mafuta anofanira kuchinjwa nguva nenguva kuenda kumota pamwe chete nemamiriro ekushandiswa, uye huwandu hwemafuta hunofanira kunge huri pakati nepakati, kazhinji pakati pemiganhu yepamusoro neyapasi yechiyero chemafuta. Kana mafuta apfuura nepaburi diki refirita yemafuta, zvidimbu zvakasimba uye gunk mumafuta zvinoiswa mufirita. Kana firita yakavharwa, mafuta haagone kupfuura zvakanaka nepafirita, anoputika firita kana kuvhura vharuvhu yekuchengetedza, opfuura nepavharuvhu yepasspass, uye achiri kudzosa tsvina kuchikamu chekuzora, zvichiita kuti injini iwedzere kupera, uye kusvibiswa kwemukati kunowedzerwa. Saka, kutsiva firita yemafuta nguva dzose kwakakosha zvakaenzana.
4. Pombi yemhepo yakasviba zvakanyanya: kana mota ichigara ichityaira munzvimbo ine guruva rakawanda uye mhepo isina kunaka, inofanira kunyatsoongorora pombi yemhepo yakasviba kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mhepo yakasviba zvakanaka. Pombi yemhepo yakasviba yakakosha zvikuru pakushanda kweinjini, kana pombi yemhepo yakasviba zvakanyanya, zvichaita kuti inflation iderere, zvekuti injini haigone kushanda mukati mesimba rinobuda, uye kuwedzera kukwegura kweinjini.
5. Tsvina yeCrankcase yakawandisa: Munguva yekushanda kweinjini, gasi risina kupiswa rine simba guru, acid, mvura, sarufa uye nitrogen oxides mukamuri rinopisa rinopinda mucrankcase nepakati peringi yepiston nemadziro esilinda, kuitira kuti risanganiswe nehupfu hwesimbi hunogadzirwa nekusakara kwezvikamu kuti zvigadzire tsvina. Tsvina shoma inogona kusungirirwa mumafuta, uye kana yakaenzana nayo yakakura, inobviswa mumafuta, ichivhara firita neburi remafuta, zvichiita kuti injini ive yakaoma kuomesa mafuta, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kupera kwemafuta einjini. Pamusoro pezvo, oxidation yemafuta pakupisa kwakanyanya ichagadzira firimu rependi necarbon zvakasungwa papiston, kuitira kuti kushandiswa kwemafuta einjini kuwedzere, simba rinoderera, uye rin'i yepiston inonamira uye silinda inodhonzwa muzviitiko zvakakomba.
6. Kusagadziriswa zvakanaka kwesystem yemafuta: Kugadziriswa kwesystem yemafuta kunosanganisira kutsiva firita yemafuta, kuchenesa kabhureta kana nozzle yemafuta uye tambo yekugovera mafuta. Mukati mekupiswa kwemafuta kuburikidza necircuit yemafuta kuenda kukamuri yekubatidza, zvinozopedzisira zvaita gum necarbon deposits mupassage yemafuta, carburetor, injector nekamuri yekubatidza, zvinokanganisa kufamba kwemafuta, kuparadza chiyero chemhepo nemafuta chakajairika, kuita kuti atomization yemafuta isashande zvakanaka, zvichikonzera kufema kweinjini, kugogodza, kusagadzikana kwekushanda, kumhanya kusingashande zvakanaka nezvimwe zvinetso zvekushanda. Kuchenesa system yemafuta nechinhu chinochenesa system yemafuta kunoita kuti injini igare iri mumamiriro akanaka nguva dzese.
7. Ngura nekukura kwetangi: Ngura nekukura kwetangi reinjini ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera matambudziko. Ngura nekukura kwetangi zvinoderedza kufamba kwechinhu chinotonhodza mugadziriro yekutonhodza, zvinoderedza basa rekuparadza kwekupisa, zvinotungamira pakupisa kweinjini, uye zvinotokonzera kukuvara kweinjini. Kuisa mweya mumvura inotonhodza kuchagadzirawo zvinhu zvine acidic, ngura yezvikamu zvesimbi mutangi, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwetangi nekubuda kwemvura.

8. Kugadzirisa mota zvisina kurongwa: Kazhinji vanhu vanowanzoda kuisa mari yakawanda mukugadzirisa mota, asi zviri nyore kufuratira kugadziriswa kwemota kwakarongwa. Sekureva kwenyanzvi yekugadzirisa mota ine ruzivo yakati: "Mumotokari dzavakagadzirisa, kutadza kwemota kunokonzerwa nekusagadzirisa injini zvakanaka kunoita kuti 50% yekutadza kwayo yese ishande."
9. Kugadzirisa kusina kurongwa: Sisitimu yekutonhodza isina kurongeka inokonzera kupisa kweinjini kusina kurongeka, izvo zvinozoita kuti injini iwedzere kupisa uye zvinokanganisa mashandiro akajairika einjini. Zvikonzero zvikuru zvesisitimu yekutonhodza isina kurongeka kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwemutongi wekupisa, kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kweradiator, kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwefeni, kuvharika kwetangi remvura nezvimwewo.
10. Kukundikana kwefirita yemuviri wemhepo nefirita yepeturu: kutenderera kwekutsiva firita yepeturu nefirita yegesi inguva yegore rimwe kana makiromita zviuru makumi mana, iyo inogona kuwedzerwa nekupfupikiswa zvichienderana nechiratidzo chemafuta nenzvimbo yekushandisa.
11. Kukundikana kwe coil yekubatidza ne spark plug: Kukundikana kwe coil yekubatidza ne spark plug kunogonawo kukonzera kushomeka kwe silinda, zvichikonzera kumhanyisa kusina simba. Semuenzaniso, kana dashboard ikashuma kuti pane light re fault, tarisa kodhi yekukanganisa kuti iongororwe.

12. Kukundikana kwemutsetse: Kana mota ikaonekwa iine hwema hunorwadza kana hwema hunotsva panguva yekutyaira, inofanira kumiswa nekukasika, tarisa kana paine mutsetse uri kupfava kana kutsva wakatenderedza injini, uye gadzirisa mutsetse wakatsva kana wakapfupikiswa nenguva kudzivirira tsaona huru dzekuchengetedza.
Ⅲ. Mutengo wekugadzirisa injini huru ye semi-trailer kutadza kushanda (neChina senzvimbo yekutarisa)
Mutengo wekugadzirisa injini dzakasiyana unosiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita semodhi, rudzi rweinjini, nzvimbo uye nhanho yenzvimbo yekugadzirisa. Heano mamwe mitengo yekugadziriswa kwayo zvichienderana nekukundikana kweinjini kwakajairika, kungotarisa chete:
1. Kana chikanganiso chiri nyore, sekukuvadzwa kwezvikamu zvesystem yekupisa, mutengo wekugadzirisa unogona kunge wakaderera. Semuenzaniso, kungotsiva spark plug, cylinder line nezvimwe zvikamu, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ekugadzirisa injini yemotokari, mutengo unogona kunge uri mazana eyuan, asi iyi ingori fungidziro, nekuti hapana ratidziro chaiyo yedata remitengo yekuchengetedza yemainjini makuru e semi-trailer. Kana iri kutadza kwakanyanya, senge piston, crankshaft nezvimwe zvikamu zvakakosha mukati meinjini zvakakuvara, mutengo wekugadzirisa uchawedzerwa zvakanyanya. Kana zvichisanganisira kukuya crankshaft kana kutsiva crankshaft netiles, kazhinji inenge 3000 yuan yerori, asi iyi ingori referensi kukosha, uye modhi chaiyo inogona kusiyana nezvinhu zvakaita semodhi.
2. Mhando dzakasiyana dzeinjini dzine musiyano mukuru pamutengo wezvikamu zvadzo. Dzimwe injini dzepamusoro-soro, dzinoshanda zvakanaka, mutengo wezvikamu zvadzo wakakwira, uye zvinogona kuoma kuwana pamusika, izvo zvichawedzera mari yekugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, mamwe mamodheru chaiwo einjini dzinobva kunze kwenyika angada kuti zvikamu zviodwe kubva kunze kwenyika, izvo zvichawedzera mari yekufambisa uye nguva, nokudaro zvichiwedzera mutengo wekugadzirisa.
3. MuChina, mari yevashandi nemitengo yakasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Munzvimbo dzakabudirira mune zveupfumi, dzakadai semaguta ekutanga, mari yekugadzirisa paawa imwe neimwe inogona kunge yakakwira, nepo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina kubudirira mune zveupfumi, mutengo weawa imwe neimwe wakaderera. Panguva imwe chete, kuwanikwa kwezvikamu munzvimbo dzakasiyana kunogonawo kukanganisa mutengo wekugadzirisa, kana zvikamu zvemuno zviri nyore kuwana, mutengo unogona kunge wakadzikama; Kana zvikamu zvichida kutumirwa kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo, mutengo unogona kuwedzera.
Pakusarudza semi-trailer hombe, unogona kusarudza semi-trailer hombe yekambani yedu.

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Ⅳ. Maitiro ekugadzirisa injini kana yakundikana panguva yekutyaira
(1) Matanho ekukasika anofanira kutorwa
1. Gadzirisa chidhiraivho: Kana injini ikangoerekana yadzima, chinhu chekutanga chekuita ndechekudzikamisa chidhiraivho uye kudzivirira kutya munzira, kuitira kuti pasave nenjodzi huru.
2. Batidza rambi rekunyevera rinopenya kaviri: Tarisa mamiriro emota uchishandisa girazi rekumashure, uye batidza rambi rekunyevera rinopenya kaviri kuti ripe yambiro kumota.
3. Shandisa inertia kuti umire zvishoma nezvishoma: edza kushandisa inertia yemotokari kuti umire panzvimbo yakachengeteka, uye isa tripod yekunyevera kumashure kwemotokari.
(2) Tarisa tangi remafuta nedunhu remafuta
1. Tarisa kana tangi rine peturu yakakwana, nekuti mafuta mashoma ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvinowanzoita kuti injini isatange.
2. Tarisa kana circuit yemafuta iri yakajairika, kusanganisira kana pombi yemafuta yakatyoka, kana pombi yepeturu iri kushanda zvakanaka uye kana nzvimbo inopinzwa mafuta yakavharwa.
(3) Tarisa mabhatiri nemaseketi
1. Iva nechokwadi chekuti bhatiri riri kushanda nemazvo, sezvo bhatiri rakaderera rinogona kukonzera kuti injini itadze kutanga.
2. Tarisa kana paine short circuit mucircuit, kusanganisira ignition switch, starter nefuse box.
(4) Tarisa zvikamu zvemuchina weinjini
1. Tarisa kana bhandi reinjini rakasununguka kana kuti rakatyoka, izvo zvichaita kuti injini imire.
2. Nyatsocherechedza kana paine ruzha rusina kujairika mukati meinjini, kana ruripo, usaedza kumutsa mota zviri nyore, kuitira kuti usakuvadza injini.
(5) Tarisa sisitimu yekutonhodza netangi remvura
Tarisa tembiricha yemvura uye huwandu hwemvura mutangi remvura kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti sisitimu yekudzima kupisa inoshanda zvakanaka kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya kweinjini nekuda kwekurasa kupisa zvakanaka.
6. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwenyanzvi
Kana chikonzero chekukundikana chikasagona kuzivikanwa kana dambudziko risingagone kugadziriswa mushure mekuzviongorora, fonera rori rinodhonza nekukasika womirira kununurwa.
Ⅴ. Kugadziriswa kwemainjini makuru e semi-trailer
(1) Tsiva mafuta nefirita yemafuta nguva nenguva
Oiri inokosha zvikuru kuinjini, inogona kuita basa rekuzora nekuchenesa zvikamu zvemukati meinjini. Kutsiva oiri nefirita yemafuta nguva dzose kunogona kuchengetedza injini yakachena kwenguva yakareba. Kazhinji, firita yemafuta nemafuta inogona kutsiviwa makiromita ese 5000-10000 zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwemotokari.
(2) Tarisa sisitimu yekutonhodza
Sisitimu yekutonhodza inochengetedza tembiricha yekushanda kweinjini uye inodzivirira kupisa zvakanyanya. Saka, tarisa sisitimu yekutonhodza nguva nenguva kuti ione kana paine mvura inobuda uye kana coolant ichida kutsiviwa.
(3) Chenesa kana kutsiva firita yemhepo
Sefa yemhepo inodzivirira guruva netsvina kuti zvisapinde muinjini. Kazhinji zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva makiromita gumi kusvika zviuru makumi maviri ega ega, kana ikashandiswa munzvimbo ine guruva, kutenderera kwekutsiva kunofanira kupfupikiswa zvakakodzera, uye zvakakoshawo kuchenesa nguva nenguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti huwandu hweinjini hwakachena uye hunoshanda zvakanaka.
(4) Tarisa wobva watsiva chivharo chespark
Chidzitiro chemoto chinoita basa rekubatidza, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga simba uye kushandiswa kwemafuta einjini. Zvakakosha kutarisa mamiriro ekushanda kwechidzitiro chemoto nguva nenguva, uye kuchitsiva nenguva kana paine kubatidza kusina kunaka uye kuunganidzwa kwekabhoni kwakanyanya.
(5) Tarisa bhandi
Bhandi rakabatana nezvikamu zvese zveinjini, uye kuongororwa nguva dzose nekutsiviwa kwemabhandi akasakara uye akwegura kunogona kudzivirira kuputika kwebhandi, kuitira kudzivirira kukanganisa mashandiro einjini.
(6) Chengeta crankcase iine mhepo yakakwana
Gasi rinopinda mu crankcase richibva mu camera inobatidza moto rinoparadza uye rinozoomesa oiri yakaora uye rinosvibisa injini. Saka zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti crankcase ine mhepo yakakwana.
(7) Teerera huwandu hwemafuta
1. Chengetedza mafuta akaenzana: kana huwandu hwemafuta husina kukwana, hazvingokurumidzi kuora kwemafuta chete, asiwo zvinokonzera kutsva kwezvikamu nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemafuta; Kusiyana neizvi, kana mafuta akawandisa, mafuta acho anoyerera achipinda mukamuri rinopisa nepakati pemadziro esilinda neringi yepiston, zvichiita kuti injini itsve mafuta. Pamusoro pezvo, mafuta acho akanyanya kukwira, izvo zvinowedzera kupesana kwemafuta, zvinowedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta, uye zvinowedzera kupera.
2. Gara uchitarisa huwandu hwemafuta einjini: tarisa huwandu hwemafuta einjini, kana asina kukwana, anofanira kuwedzerwa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, uye shandisa mafuta akakodzera injini, kwete mafuta ekugadzira anodhura zvakanyanya, zviri nani, akanakisa akakodzera.
(8) Shandisa mafuta zvichienderana nemitemo
1, kushandiswa kwemafuta zvinoenderana nemutemo: mhando yemafuta ine simba guru pakupiswa kweinjini, peturu isina kunaka ichaita kuti imba yekubatidza, injector, inlet nevharuvhu nedzimwe nzvimbo zvigadzire huwandu hwakawanda hwekabhoni neglue, zvichiita kuti injini isagare isina kugadzikana, kuoma kwekumhanyisa uye zvimwe zviitiko.
2. Nyatsocherechedza huwandu hwemafuta ari mutangi: huwandu hwemafuta ari mutangi hunofanira kuchengetwa kure sezvinobvira kana chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzvitatu chasara chawedzerwa mafuta, kuitira kuti pombi yemafuta iri mutangi ikwanise kubvisa kupisa zvakanaka uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti pombi yemafuta inogara kwenguva refu.
(9) Kugadziriswa nguva dzose kwenzira dzemafuta einjini negasi
Dunhu remafuta negesi reinjini zvinocheneswa nguva nenguva kuitira kuti injini ishande zvakanaka uye kuderedza mukana wekukundikana.
(10) Kana injini yatanga kutonhora, inofanira kunge yapiswa
Pakupisa kwakajairika kwekushanda, kuramba kushanda, kusakara, kugadzikana kwekushanda nezvimwe zvinhu pakati pezvikamu zveinjini ndizvo zvakanakisisa, saka kana uchitanga injini munguva yekutonhora, injini inofanira kunge yapiswa.
(11) Dzora kumhanya kweinjini paunenge uchityaira
Paunenge uchityaira, edza kuchengetedza kumhanya kweinjini kuri pasi pechiyero chitsvuku chetachometer kudzivirira kushanda zvakanyanya kweinjini. Mota dzinofambisa nemaoko hadzifanirwe kudhonza zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
(12) Tarisa ruzha rweinjini nguva nenguva
Batidza injini iri mumamiriro akanyarara kuti injini ishande zvakanaka uye ikurumidze, uye teerera kana ruzha rweinjini rwakajairika. Ruzha rwekushanda kweinjini rwakajairika runofanira kunge rwakaderera uye rwakajairika, kana paine ruzha rwakapinza, ndapota enda kuchitoro chekugadzirisa nekukurumidza kuti uongorore dambudziko racho kuti udzivise kukuvara kukuru kunokonzerwa nekutadza.
Kutevera matanho aya ekugadzirisa kunogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti sisitimu yemagetsi ye semi-trailer hombe inoshanda zvakanaka uye kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwekutyaira.

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