Iitreyila ezinkulu ezizii-semi-trailer zihlala ziwohloka kwaye zilungise ———— ukusilela kwenjini

Ⅰ. Indlela yokugweba ukuba isiqingatha esikhuluItreyila ineengxaki zenjini
1. Jonga ideshibhodi: Ukuba isibane se-fault senjini siyakhanya, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho ingxaki kwenye yeenkqubo okanye izinto zenjini.
2. Mamela isandi senjini: ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesandi senjini kuhamba kakuhle kwaye kuyafana, ukuba uva ukucofa okungaqhelekanga, ukungqubana okanye ingxolo, oko kunokuthetha ukuba kukho isiphene ngaphakathi kwenjini.
3. Jonga ukukhutshwa komoya ophumayo: Ukuba umbala wegesi ephumayo awuqhelekanga, njengomsi omnyama, umsi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye umsi omhlophe, oko kunokubonisa ukuba injini ineziphene ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, umsi omnyama usenokuba kukutsha kwepetroli okungaphelelanga, umsi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka usenokuba yioyile engena kwigumbi lokutsha, kwaye umsi omhlophe usenokuba yi-coolant engena kwisilinda.
4. Yiva ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwesithuthi: ukuba amandla enjini ancipha kakhulu, akhawuleza kancinci okanye ashukumise, kusenokwenzeka ukuba injini iyasilela.
5. Funda ikhowudi yempazamo: Sebenzisa izixhobo zobungcali zokuxilonga ukuze ufunde ikhowudi yempazamo kwikhompyutha yenjini ukuze uqonde uhlobo kunye nendawo yempazamo.
Ⅱ.Iimpawu kunye nezizathu zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwenjini ye-semi-trailer enkulu
1. Imeko embi yenkqubo yokupholisa: ezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo zeenjini zeemoto, ezifana nesilinda ephilayo, ukungqongqoza, ukuvuza kwesilinda, ingxolo enkulu, ukuhla kwamandla okukhawulezisa, njl.njl., zibangelwa bubushushu obungaqhelekanga bokusebenza kwenjini yeemoto, uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kunye nemeko embi yenkqubo yokupholisa. Imeko embi yenkqubo yokupholisa iya kukhokelela ngqo ekubeni injini ingasebenzi kubushushu obuqhelekileyo, kulandele le meko ingasentla yokusilela okukhulu.
2. Ukuvaleka kwesihluzo somoya: Inkqubo yokungenisa umoya yenjini yenziwe ngamacandelo amabini: isihluzo somoya kunye nokungenisa. Ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, into yesihluzo somoya kufuneka icocwe rhoqo, kwaye indlela enokusetyenziswa kukuvuthela uthuli kwinto yesihluzo ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle. Ngenxa yokuba into yesihluzo somoya liphepha, kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela uxinzelelo lomoya ukuba lungabi phezulu kakhulu xa luvuthela, ukuze lungamonakalisi into yesihluzo. Into yesihluzo somoya kufuneka itshintshwe ngentsha emva kokucoca amaxesha ama-3, kwaye umjikelo wokucoca unokugqitywa ngumgangatho womoya wendawo yokuqhuba yemihla ngemihla.
3. Ukonakala kweoyile kunye nesihluzo seoyile esibi: umgangatho weoyile yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeoyile yokuthambisa uya kutshintsha ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Emva komgama othile, ukusebenza kwesithuthi kuyawohloka, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo kwinjini. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukwenzeka kwezi ngxaki, ioyile kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo ibe yimoto kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa, kwaye ubungakanani beoyile bube buphakathi, ngokubanzi phakathi kwemida ephezulu nesezantsi yesikali seoyile. Xa ioyile idlula kumngxuma omncinci wesihluzo seoyile, amasuntswana aqinileyo kunye ne-gunk kwioyile zifakwa kwisihluzo. Ukuba isihluzo sivaliwe, ioyile ayinakudlula kakuhle kwi-filter element, iya kuqhushumba i-filter element okanye ivule i-valve yokhuseleko, idlule kwi-bypass valve, kwaye isabuyisela ukungcola kwindawo yokuthambisa, ikhuthaza ukuguguleka kwenjini ukuba kukhawuleze, kwaye kongezwe ungcoliseko lwangaphakathi. Ke ngoko, ukutshintshwa rhoqo kwesihluzo seoyile kubaluleke ngokulinganayo.
4. Umbhobho wokungenisa umoya ungcolile kakhulu: ukuba isithuthi sihlala siqhuba kwindawo esemgangathweni wendlela enothuli oluninzi kunye nomgangatho womoya ophantsi, kufuneka siqwalasele ukucoca umbhobho wokungenisa umoya ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle komoya. Umbhobho wokungenisa umoya ubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwenjini okuqhelekileyo, ukuba umbhobho wokungenisa umoya ungcolile kakhulu, kuya kukhokelela ekwehleni kokusebenza kakuhle kokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukuze injini ingakwazi ukusebenza ngaphakathi koluhlu lwamandla oluqhelekileyo, kwaye ibe mandundu ukuguguleka nokuguga kwenjini.
5. Inkunkuma ye-crankcase ininzi kakhulu: Ngexesha lokusebenza kwenjini, igesi engatshiswanga ngamandla aphezulu, i-asidi, amanzi, i-sulfur kunye ne-nitrogen oxides kwigumbi lokutsha zingena kwi-crankcase ngesithuba esiphakathi kweringi yepiston kunye nodonga lwesilinda, ukuze ixutywe nomgubo wesinyithi oveliswa kukuguguleka kwamalungu ukuze enze inkunkuma. Inani elincinci lenkunkuma linokumiswa kwi-oyile, kwaye xa ilingana nayo inkulu, iya kuphuma kwi-oyile, ivale isihluzo kunye nomngxuma we-oyile, nto leyo ebangela ukuba injini ibe nzima ukuyithambisa, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukuguguleka kwenjini. Ukongeza, i-oxidation ye-oyile kubushushu obuphezulu iya kuvelisa ifilimu yepeyinti kunye ne-carbon ebotshelelwe kwi-piston, ukuze ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli yenjini kunyuke, amandla anciphe, kwaye iringi yepiston ibambeke kwaye isilinda itsalwe kwiimeko ezinzima.
6. Ukugcinwa kakubi kwenkqubo yepetroli: Ukugcinwa kwenkqubo yepetroli kuquka ukutshintsha isihluzi sepetroli, ukucoca i-carburetor okanye i-fuel nozzle kunye nomgca wokubonelela ngeoyile. Kwinkqubo yokutsha kwepetroli ngesekethe yeoyile ukuya kwigumbi lokutsha, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kwenza i-gum kunye ne-carbon deposits kwindawo yeoyile, i-carburetor, i-injector kunye negumbi lokutsha, kuphazamise ukuhamba kwepetroli, kutshabalalise umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo womoya-fuel, kwenze i-atomization yepetroli ibe mbi, okubangela ukuba injini iphefumle, ingqongqoze, ingazinzi, ukukhawulezisa okungekho kakuhle kunye nezinye iingxaki zokusebenza. Ukucoca inkqubo yepetroli ngesicoci senkqubo yepetroli kugcina injini ikwimeko entle ngamaxesha onke.
7. Ukugqwala kwetanki kunye nokulinganisa: Ukugqwala kwetanki yenjini kunye nokulinganisa zezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo. Ukugqwala kunye nokulinganisa kuya kunciphisa ukuhamba kwesipholisi kwinkqubo yokupholisa, kunciphise indima yokuchitha ubushushu, kukhokelele ekutshiseni kakhulu kwenjini, kwaye kubangele nomonakalo wenjini. Ukufakwa kweoksijini kulwelo lokupholisa kuya kwenza izinto ezine-asidi, ukugqwala kwezinto zesinyithi etankini, okubangela umonakalo wetanki kunye nokuvuza.

8. Ulondolozo olungacwangciswanga: Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu bathanda ukutyala imali eninzi ekuguqulweni, kodwa kulula ukungawunanzi ulondolozo olucwangcisiweyo lwenjini. Ngokutsho kwengcali yokulungisa iimoto enamava uthe: "Kwiimoto abazilungisileyo, ukusilela kwesithuthi okubangelwa kukungalungiswa kakuhle kweenjini kubangela i-50% yokusilela konke."
9. Ulondolozo olungacwangciswanga: Inkqubo yokupholisa engaqhelekanga ibangela ukuchithwa kobushushu benjini okungaqhelekanga, okuya kukhokelela ekutshisweni kakhulu kwenjini kwaye kuchaphazele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenjini. Izizathu eziphambili zenkqubo yokupholisa engaqhelekanga kukusilela kokulawula ubushushu, ukungaphumeleli kwerediyetha, ukungaphumeleli kwefeni, ukuvaleka kwetanki yamanzi njalo njalo.
10. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesihluzo somzimba womoya kunye nesihluzo sepetroli: umjikelo wokutshintshwa kwesihluzo segesi kunye nesihluzo sepetroli ngunyaka omnye okanye iikhilomitha ezingama-40,000, ezinokwandiswa kwaye zifinyezwe ngokwelebheli yeoyile kunye nendawo yokusetyenziswa.
11. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-ignition coil kunye ne-spark plug: Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-ignition coil kunye ne-spark plug kunokubangela ukungabikho kwesilinda, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isantya sihambe kancinci. Umzekelo, ukuba ideshibhodi ibika ukuba kukho isibane esingalunganga, jonga ikhowudi yempazamo ukuze ihlalutywe.

12. Ukusilela komgca: Ukuba imoto ifunyenwe inevumba elibi okanye ivumba elivuthayo ngexesha lokuqhuba, kufuneka imiswe ngoko nangoko, jonga ukuba kukho umgca othambileyo okanye otshayo ojikeleze injini, kwaye ulungise umgca otshileyo okanye ojikelezileyo ngexesha ukuze uphephe iingozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko.
Ⅲ. Ixabiso lokugcinwa kwenjini enkulu engasebenzi kakuhle (kunye neTshayina njengoluhlu lwesalathiso)
Ixabiso lokuhlaziya iinjini ezahlukeneyo liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezifana nomzekelo, uhlobo lwenjini, indawo kunye nenqanaba levenkile yokulungisa. Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokuhlaziya ezisekwe kwiingxaki eziqhelekileyo zenjini, ngokubhekiselele kuphela:
1. Ukuba ingxaki ilula, njengomonakalo wezixhobo zenkqubo yokutsha, iindleko zokulungisa zinokuba ziphantsi. Umzekelo, ukutshintsha nje iplagi yespark, umgca wesilinda kunye nezinye iindawo, ngokwemeko eqhelekileyo yokugcinwa kwenjini yemoto, iindleko zinokuba malunga namakhulu eeyuan, kodwa olu luqikelelo nje oluqikelelweyo, kuba akukho ngxelo ithile yedatha yexabiso lokugcinwa kweenjini ezinkulu ze-semi-trailer. Ukuba kukusilela okukhulu ngakumbi, njengepiston, i-crankshaft kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kwenjini zonakele, iindleko zokulungisa ziya kunyuka kakhulu. Ukuba kubandakanya ukugaywa kwe-crankshaft okanye ukutshintsha i-crankshaft kunye nethayile, kudla ngokuba malunga ne-3000 yuan kwilori, kodwa eli lixabiso lesalathiso kuphela, kwaye imodeli yokwenyani inokwahluka ngokwezinto ezifana nemodeli.
2. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenjini zinezahluko ezinkulu kwixabiso leenxalenye zazo. Ezinye iinjini eziphucukileyo nezisebenza kakuhle, ixabiso leenxalenye zazo ngokwazo liphezulu, kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuzifumana kwimarike, nto leyo eya kunyusa iindleko zokulungisa. Umzekelo, ezinye iimodeli ezikhethekileyo zeenjini ezingenisiweyo zinokufuna ukuba iinxalenye zi-odolwe kwamanye amazwe, nto leyo eya kuzisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo zokuthutha kunye neendleko zexesha, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ixabiso lokulungisa.
3. ETshayina, iindleko zabasebenzi kunye namanqanaba exabiso ahlukile kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Kwimimandla ephuhlileyo kwezoqoqosho, njengezixeko eziphambili, iindleko zokugcina ngeyure zinokuba phezulu, ngelixa kwezinye iindawo ezingaphuhliyo kwezoqoqosho, iindleko zeyure ziphantsi. Kwangaxeshanye, ukubonelelwa kwezixhobo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kunokuchaphazela ixabiso lokugcinwa, ukuba izixhobo zasekuhlaleni kulula ukuzifumana, ixabiso linokuba lizinzile; Ukuba izixhobo kufuneka zithunyelwe kwezinye iindawo, iindleko zinokunyuka.
Xa ukhetha i-semi-trailer enkulu, ungakhetha i-semi-trailer enkulu yenkampani yethu.

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Ⅳ.Indlela yokujongana nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwenjini ngexesha lokuqhuba
(1) Amanyathelo akhawulezileyo ekufuneka athathwe
1. Zinzisa ivili lokuqhuba: Kwimeko yokucima kwenjini ngequbuliso, into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukuzinzisa ivili lokuqhuba kwaye uphephe uloyiko kwicala, ukuze ungabangeli ingozi enkulu.
2. Vula isibane sesilumkiso esikhanyayo kabini: Jonga imeko yemoto ngesibuko esingasemva, uze uvule isibane sesilumkiso esikhanyayo kabini ukuze unike izilumkiso kwizithuthi.
3. Sebenzisa i-inertia ukuze ume kancinci: zama ukusebenzisa i-inertia yesithuthi ukuze ume kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, uze ubeke i-tripod yesilumkiso emva kwemoto.
(2) Jonga itanki yepetroli kunye nesekethe yeoyile
1. Jonga ukuba itanki inepetroli eyaneleyo na, kuba ioyile encinci kakhulu yenye yezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba injini ingaqali.
2. Jonga ukuba isekethe yeoyile iqhelekile na, kuquka nokuba umbhobho yeoyile uphukile na, ukuba ipompo yepetroli isebenza kakuhle na kwaye nokuba indawo yokungena yeoyile ivaliwe na.
(3) Jonga iibhetri kunye neesekethe
1. Qinisekisa ukuba ibhetri isebenza kakuhle, njengoko ibhetri iphantsi inokubangela ukuba injini ingaqalisi.
2. Jonga ukuba kukho i-short circuit kwi-circuit, kuquka i-ignition switch, i-starter kunye ne-fuse box.
(4) Jonga iindawo zoomatshini benjini
1. Jonga ukuba ibhanti yenjini ikhululekile okanye iphukile, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba injini ime.
2. Nika ingqalelo ekubeni kukho ingxolo engaqhelekanga ngaphakathi enjinini, ukuba ikhona, musa ukuzama ukuyiqalisa ngokulula imoto, ukuze ingonakalisi injini.
(5) Jonga inkqubo yokupholisa kunye netanki yamanzi
Jonga ubushushu bamanzi kunye nobungakanani bamanzi kwitanki yamanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokususa ubushushu isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ubushushu obugqithisileyo benjini ngenxa yokungachithi ubushushu kakuhle.
6. Funa uncedo lweengcali
Ukuba unobangela wokusilela awufumaneki okanye ingxaki ayinakusombululeka emva kokuzihlola, fowunela ilori yokutsala ngokukhawuleza uze ulinde uncedo.
Ⅴ. Ukugcinwa kweenjini ezinkulu ze-semi-trailer
(1) Tshintsha isihluzi seoli kunye neoyile rhoqo
Ioyile ibaluleke kakhulu kwinjini, ingadlala indima ekuthambiseni nasekucoceni iindawo zangaphakathi zenjini. Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kweoyile kunye nesihluzo seoyile kunokugcina injini icocekile ixesha elide. Ngokubanzi, isihluzo seoyile kunye neoyile sinokutshintshwa rhoqo emva kweekhilomitha ezingama-5000-10000 ngokwendlela esetyenziswa ngayo imoto.
(2) Jonga inkqubo yokupholisa
Inkqubo yokupholisa igcina ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bokusebenza kwenjini kwaye ithintela ubushushu obugqithisileyo. Ke ngoko, jonga inkqubo yokupholisa rhoqo ukuba ayinakuvuza na kwaye ingaba i-coolant kufuneka itshintshwe na.
(3) Coca okanye tshintsha isihluzi somoya
Isihluzo somoya sithintela uthuli kunye nokungcola ukuba kungangeni enjinini. Ngokuqhelekileyo kucetyiswa ukuba kutshintshwe rhoqo emva kweekhilomitha ezili-10,000-20,000, xa kusetyenziswa kwindawo enothuli, umjikelo wokutshintshwa kufuneka ufinyezwe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukucoca rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukungena kwenjini kucocekile kwaye kusebenza ngokwesiqhelo.
(4) Jonga kwaye ufake iplagi yespark endaweni yayo
Iplagi yespark idlala indima yokutsha, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo amandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroli yenjini. Kubalulekile ukujonga imeko yokusebenza kweplagi yespark rhoqo, kwaye uyitshintshe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuba akukho kutsha okuhle kunye nokuqokelelwa kakhulu kwekhabhoni.
(5) Jonga ibhanti
Ibhanti iqhagamshelwe kuzo zonke iindawo zenjini, kwaye ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kweebhanti ezigugileyo nezigugileyo kunokuthintela ukwaphuka kwebhanti, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenjini okuqhelekileyo.
(6) Gcina i-crankcase ingena umoya kakuhle
Igesi engena kwi-crankcase isuka kwigumbi lokutsha iyabola kwaye iya kuyinyibilikisa ioyile eyonakeleyo kwaye ingcolise injini. Kungoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-crankcase inomoya owaneleyo.
(7) Nika ingqalelo kwinqanaba leoyile
1. Gcina inqanaba leoyile eliqhelekileyo: xa ubungakanani beoyile bunganele, akuyi kukhawulezisa kuphela ukuwohloka kweoyile, kodwa kuya kubangela nokutsha kweendawo ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoyile; Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuba kukho ioyile eninzi kakhulu, ioyile iya kugeleza ingene kwigumbi lokutsha ecaleni komsantsa ophakathi kodonga lwesilinda kunye neringi yepiston, nto leyo ebangela ukuba injini itshise ioyile. Ukongeza, inqanaba leoyile liphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo enyusa ukumelana kokuxubana kweoyile, inyuse ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli, kwaye inyuse ukuguguleka.
2. Jonga rhoqo inqanaba leoyile: jonga rhoqo inqanaba leoyile yenjini, xa inganele, kufuneka yongezwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye sebenzisa ioyile efanelekileyo kwinjini, hayi ioyile yokwenziwa ebiza kakhulu, kokukhona ingcono, eyona ilungileyo ifanelekile.
(8) Sebenzisa amafutha ngokwemigaqo
1, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ngokuhambelana nemigaqo: umgangatho wepetroli unempembelelo enkulu ekutshisweni kwenjini, ipetroli esemgangathweni ophantsi iya kwenza igumbi lokutsha, i-injector, i-inlet kunye ne-valve kunye nezinye iindawo zivelise inani elikhulu lekhabhoni kunye neglu, ukuze injini ingasebenzi kakuhle, ubunzima bokukhawulezisa kunye nezinye izinto.
2. Nika ingqalelo kubungakanani bepetroli etankini: ubungakanani bepetroli etankini kufuneka bugcinwe bude kangangoko xa i-1/3 eseleyo igcwaliswa, ukuze ipompo yepetroli etankini ikwazi ukukhupha ubushushu kakuhle kwaye iqinisekise ukuba ipompo yepetroli ihlala ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo.
(9) Ukugcinwa rhoqo kweendlela zeoyile yenjini kunye negesi
Isekethe yeoyile kunye nesekethe yegesi yenjini zicocwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenjini kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okungasebenzi kakuhle.
(10) Xa uqalisa injini xa ibanda, kufuneka ifudunyezwe
Kubushushu obuqhelekileyo bokusebenza, ukumelana nokusebenza, ukuguguleka, uzinzo lokusebenza kunye nezinye izinto phakathi kwamalungu enjini zezona zilungileyo, ngoko ke xa uqalisa injini kwimeko yokubanda, injini kufuneka ifudunyezwe.
(11) Lawula isantya senjini ngelixa uqhuba
Xa uqhuba, zama ukugcina isantya senjini singaphantsi kwesikali esibomvu se-tachometer ukuze uphephe ukusebenza kakhulu kwenjini. Izithuthi zokuhambisa ngesandla akufuneki zirhuqe kakhulu kangangoko.
(12) Jonga isandi senjini rhoqo
Qalisa injini ikwimeko ezolileyo ukuze ungenzi nto kwaye ukhawulezise injini, kwaye umamele ukuba isandi senjini siqhelekile na. Isandi sokusebenza kwenjini eqhelekileyo kufuneka sibe siphantsi kwaye siqheleke, ukuba kukho isandi esibukhali, nceda uye kwivenkile yokulungisa ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane uxilongo ukuze uphephe umonakalo omkhulu obangelwa yimpazamo.
Ukulandela la manyathelo okugcina izinto kungaqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yombane ye-semi-trailer enkulu kwaye kuphucule ukhuseleko lokuqhuba.

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