2024 Kupisa kwemafungu Maitiro ekuchengetedza marori makuru ehafu

Kupisa kwakanyanya kuri kukanganisa zvikamu zvese zveNorthern Hemisphere.

Mukutanga kwaChikumi, tembiricha yepamusoro-soro mumatunhu mazhinji kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweUnited States yakadarika 38°C, tembiricha yepamusoro-soro muPhoenix, guta guru reArizona, yakasvika 45°C musi wechitanhatu, uye tembiricha yepamusoro-soro muLas Vegas, Nevada, yakasvika 48.3 ° C musi wechinomwe, zvose zvichiisa zvinyorwa zvenhoroondo, uye tembiricha yakakwira yakaonekwa mavhiki maviri apfuura kupfuura makore apfuura.

Kwave nezviitiko zvekupisa muIndia zvinosvika 16,344 kubvira munaKurume 1. Vanhu vanosvika 85 vakafa nezvirwere zvine chekuita nekupisa musi wa31 Chivabvu chete sezvo kupisa kwacho kwakawedzera kuchamhembe kwenyika dzeIndia neguta guru reNew Delhi muna Chikumi, tembiricha yepamusoro ichiswedera pedyo. 50°C.

Kupisa kwakanyanya hakungoisi njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu chete, asiwo kunowedzera kusanaya kwemvura, kunokonzera moto wemusango, kunokanganisa kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa uye masisitimu emagetsi emumaguta, uye kunokanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro ehupfumi hwenyika nenzanga.

Pakutanga kwaKubvumbi, tembiricha mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeThailand, Vietnam nePhilippines dzakapfuura 40°C. Tembiricha yepamusoro kuchamhembe kweThailand yakasvika 43°C neSvondo, uye guta guru reBangkok rakasvika 39°C. Zvikoro zvinopfuura 5,000 muPhilippines zvakaudza vadzidzi kuti vadzidze vari kumba.

Bangladesh yakaona mwedzi waKubvumbi unopisa kupfuura mimwe yose, apo kupisa kwakakwira masikati kwaisvika 40°C munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika, uye zvikoro munyika yese zvakavharwa kwemavhiki maviri kubva munaKubvumbi 20, nevadzidzi vanosvika mamiriyoni makumi matatu nemaviri vachitora zvidzidzo zvepamhepo vari kudzimba.

Sezvo maguta mazhinji muPakistan akatarisana nekupisa kwakanyanya pakupera kwaChivabvu, tembiricha yave kusvika madhigirii makumi mashanu Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nyika yakatora matanho ekukurumidzira, ichimisa zvidzidzo kwevhiki imwe chete kuderedza migumisiro yekupisa kwakanyanya.

Sekureva kweHuman Cost of Disasters 2000-2019 yakaburitswa neUnited Nations Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Agency (UNDRR), huwandu hwezviitiko zvekupisa kwakanyanya pasi rose hwakawedzera ne232% mumakore makumi maviri apfuura.

Muna Kurume 2024, World Meteorological Organisation yakaburitsa "State of the Global Climate 2023", umo gore ra2023 raive gore rinopisa zvikuru kupfuura mamwe ose, nekupisa kuri pamusoro pevhu kuri 1.45°C pamusoro pehuwandu hwemaindasitiri asati asvika.

Kuwanda kwecarbon dioxide, methane uye nitrous oxide, magasi matatu makuru egreenhouse, kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, huwandu hwecarbon dioxide huri pamusoro pe50 muzana pamberi pemaindasitiri, kuwedzera kusingaenzaniswi mumakore mashoma apfuura emamiriyoni enhoroondo yevanhu. Tiri pakati pekudziya kwepasi rose kusati kwamboitika, kwete kupisa zvakanyanya, asi kupisa zvakanyanya.

Kunyangwe hazvo nyika dziri kuwedzera matanho akabatana ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze, matanho anononoka anokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana aita kuti kuburitswa kwemagasi epasi rose kuripo kurambe kuri pamusoro kupfuura kare, uye hazvidzivisiki kuti makumi emakore anotevera acharamba achikwira.

Mukupisa kwakanyanya, hafu-Tirera zvakareinofanira kuongororwa zvakanaka usati washandisa, zvikasadaro pachava nenjodzi huru yekuchengetedzeka, unofanira kuteerera zvinotevera shanu zvinhu

1. Dzivirira matai akapwanyika

Kana tireya iri kutyaira mumamiriro ekunze ekudziya zvakanyanya, nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya kwekunze, kupisa kwetairi kunononoka, uye kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kunowedzerawo, izvo zviri nyore kukonzera kuputika kwetairi. Saka, kana uchifamba mumamiriro ekunze ekudziya zvakanyanya, teerera tembiricha nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo kwetairi, uye tarisa nguva nenguva kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mwero wekumanikidzwa kwemhepo wakatarwa wakakodzera.

Kana zvikaonekwa kuti hapana mafuta anodiwa, inofanira kugadziriswa nenguva. Kune matrailer ekufamba kure, zvakakosha kuderedza kumhanya nemazvo, kumisa mota panzvimbo ine mumvuri kana zvichidikanwa, kuitira kuti tembiricha yetai iderere uye wobva waenderera mberi nekutyaira, uye hazvigoneke kushandisa nzira yekudurura mvura inotonhora kuderedza tembiricha yetai, iyo inotsemuka nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwetambo uye rabha yerutivi rwetai.

2. Dzivirira kukuvara kwebhatiri

Kana uchipinda mumwaka wekupisa kwakanyanya, zvakakosha kutarisisa huwandu hwe electrolyte, iyo iri diki pane yechando, panguva imwe chete, zvakakosha kutarisa huwandu hwemvura mubhatiri, kuwedzera mvura yakasanganiswa nenguva, uye kuchengetedza gomba remhepo risina kuvharwa. Kuti udzivise kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwe electrolyte nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, zvakakosha kugadzirisa jenareta rekutonga uye kuderedza kufamba kwemhepo inochaja jenareta.

3. Kudzivirira gasi rekudzivirira mafuta

Chenesa mafirita edhiziri, matangi emafuta uye mitsetse yemafuta kuti zvigare zvakachena uye zvakatsetseka. Tarisa uye gadzirisa kumanikidzwa kwepombi yedhiziri kuti igare yakajairika. Kana paine gasi rinodzivisa, rinofanira kumiswa kuti ritonhore, bvisa carburetor inlet pipe connector, uye tenderedza ruoko rwepombi yedhiziri kuti uzadze pombi yemafuta uye kudzorera mafuta akajairika. Kuti udzivise gasi rinodzivisa muoiri, cold compress inowanzo shandiswa kutonhodza mafuta anowanikwa.

Chidziviriro chekudzivirira mweya chinoiswa pakati pesirinda nepombi yedhiziri, izvo zvinoderedza kupisa kunotumirwa neinjini kuenda kupombi yedhiziri uye zvinodzivirira kugadzirwa kwekusapinda kwemhepo. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kwepombi yedhiziri yemagetsi inzira inoshanda yekudzivirira kugadzirwa kwekusapinda kwemhepo.

4. Kudzivirira kutadza kwemabhureki

Mota dzemabhureki ehydraulic, kuti dzitarise pombi yemabhureki nesub-pombi, tsiva oiri yemabhureki, bvisa mweya wepaipi yebhureki zvakanaka, uye tarisa nekugadzirisa kukwirira kwepedal yemabhureki, mota dzemabhureki dzinofambiswa nemhepo, teerera kutarisa ndiro yebhureki nepaipi yebhureki, tsvaga kuti kukuvara kunofanira kutsiviwa nenguva.

5. Ita basa rakanaka rekugadzirisa mota kana mamiriro ekunze achipisa zvakanyanya

Kana mota yapinda mumwaka wekupisa kwakanyanya, inofanira kuongororwa uye kugadziriswa kwehunyanzvi, zvinhu zvikuru zviri mukati mekugadzirisa kwayo ndeizvi: kutanga, tarisa zvikamu zvesystem yekutonhodza kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yakakwana uye yakakwana. Chinhu chikuru ndechekutarisa kuvharwa kwesystem yekutonhodza, kusimba kwebhandi refeni, kana maburi emhepo nemaburi ari pachifukidziro cheradiator akatsetseka, kana mvura yekutonhodza yakakwana, uye kana thermostat iri mumamiriro akanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kubvisa chiyero nenguva, uye mvura yekutonhodza yeinjini inofanira kushandiswa semvura yakapfava kana mvura yakaoma yakagadziriswa sezvinobvira.

Chechipiri ndechekuvandudza mamiriro ekuzora mafuta uye kuderedza kupfeka kwezvikamu. Chekutanga, tinofanira kusimbisa kuchengetedza mafirita emhepo nemafirita emakanika kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti anoshanda zvakanaka. Kune mota dzinoshandiswa mumamiriro eguruva, kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta ekuzora mafuta kunofanira kupfupikiswa zvakakodzera. Mota dzinotyaira munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yepamusoro dzinofanira kunge dzakashongedzerwa nema radiator emafuta uye mafuta emhando yepamusoro, transmission, main reducer uye steering gear kuti dzitsive mafuta egiya gobvu rezhizha, mavhiri bearings kuti atsive mafuta nenzvimbo yekudonhedza yakakwira.