Ukushisa kwamagagasi okushisa ngo-2024 Indlela yokunakekela amaloli amancane amancane

Ukushisa okukhulu kuthinta cishe zonke izingxenye zeNyakatho Yenkabazwe.

Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu ezifundazweni eziningi eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States ladlula ama-38°C, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu ePhoenix, inhloko-dolobha yase-Arizona, lafika kuma-45°C ngomhlaka-6, kanti izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu eLas Vegas, eNevada, lafika. 48.3 ° C ngomhlaka-7, bobabili bebeka amarekhodi omlando, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu labonakala cishe emasontweni amabili ngaphambili kunaseminyakeni edlule.

Kube nezigameko ezingu-16,344 ze-heatstroke eNdiya kusukela mhla lu-1 kuNdasa. Okungenani abantu abangu-85 bafa ngenxa yezifo ezihlobene nokushisa mhla zingama-31 kuNhlaba kuphela njengoba ukushisa kwanda emazweni asenyakatho yeNdiya kanye nenhloko-dolobha iNew Delhi ngoJuni, njengoba izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lisondela. 50°C.

Ukushisa okukhulu akugcini nje ngokubeka impilo yabantu engozini ngqo, kodwa futhi kwandisa isomiso, kubangele imililo yasendle, kuthinte ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo kanye nezinhlelo zokuphakelwa kukagesi emadolobheni, futhi kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza okuvamile komnotho wezwe kanye nomphakathi.

Ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, amazinga okushisa kwezinye izingxenye zaseThailand, eVietnam nasePhilippines adlule ku-40°C. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu enyakatho yeThailand lifinyelele ku-43°C ngeSonto, kanti inhloko-dolobha iBangkok ifinyelele ku-39°C. Izikole ezingaphezu kuka-5,000 ePhilippines zitshele abafundi ukuthi bafundele emakhaya.

IBangladesh ibhekane no-Ephreli oshisa kakhulu emlandweni, lapho amazinga okushisa emini edlula ku-40°C ezindaweni eziningi zezwe, futhi izikole kulo lonke izwe zavalwa amasonto amabili kusukela mhla zingama-20 ku-Ephreli, kanti abafundi ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-32 bathatha amakilasi aku-inthanethi emakhaya.

Njengoba amadolobha amaningi ePakistan abhekene nokushisa okukhulu ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, amazinga okushisa esondela Amadigri angu-50 Ezindaweni ezithile, izwe lathatha izinyathelo eziphuthumayo, lamisa izifundo isonto lonke ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yegagasi lokushisa.

Ngokusho kwe-Human Cost of Disasters 2000-2019 ekhishwe yi-United Nations Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Agency (UNDRR), inani lezehlakalo zokushisa okukhulu emhlabeni wonke likhuphuke ngo-232% eminyakeni engama-20 edlule.

NgoMashi 2024, i-World Meteorological Organisation yakhipha i-"State of the Global Climate 2023" yayo, lapho u-2023 wawungunyaka oshisa kakhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni, njengoba amazinga okushisa aseduze nobuso ayengu-1.45 ° C ngaphezu kwamazinga angaphambi kwezimboni.

Ukuhlushwa kwe-carbon dioxide, i-methane kanye ne-nitrous oxide, amagesi amathathu amakhulu okushisa, kuyaqhubeka nokwenyuka, amazinga e-carbon dioxide edlula amazinga angaphambi kwezimboni e-50%, ukwanda okungenakuqhathaniswa eminyakeni embalwa edlule yomlando wesintu. Siphakathi kokufudumala komhlaba okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, hhayi okushisa kakhulu, kodwa okushisa kakhulu.

Nakuba amazwe eqinisa isinyathelo esihlangene sokulungisa isimo sezulu, isinyathelo esisheshayo esibangelwa yizizathu ezahlukahlukene senze ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa komhlaba wonke kwamanje kwaba phezulu kakhulu, futhi akunakugwenywa ukuthi amashumi eminyaka ambalwa ezayo azoqhubeka nokwenyuka.

Ekushiseni okuphezulu, i-semi-I-trailer futhikudinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nengozi enkulu yokuphepha, kufanele unake okulandelayo ezinhlanu izici

1. Vimbela amathayi aphumile

Uma i-trailer ishayela ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwangaphandle, ukushabalaliswa kokushisa kwethayi kuhamba kancane, futhi umfutho womoya uyakhuphuka ngokufanayo, okulula ukubangela ukuqhuma kwethayi. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, naka izinga lokushisa kanye nomfutho womoya wethayi, futhi uhlole njalo ukuqinisekisa amazinga okucindezela komoya acacisiwe.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi kukhona ukuntuleka kwephethiloli, kufanele kulungiswe ngesikhathi. Kuma-trailer ahamba ibanga elide, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa isivinini ngendlela efanele, upake imoto endaweni enomthunzi uma kudingeka, ukuze izinga lokushisa lethayi linciphe bese uqhubeka nokushayela, futhi akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa indlela yokuthela amanzi abandayo ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lethayi, elizoqhekeka ngenxa yokufinyela okungalingani kwe-tread kanye nongqimba lwerabha ohlangothini lwethayi.

2. Vimbela ukulimala kwebhethri

Uma ungena enkathini yokushisa okuphezulu, kubalulekile ukunaka isilinganiso se-electrolyte, esincane kunobusika, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo izinga loketshezi lwebhethri, ukwengeza amanzi acwengekile ngesikhathi, nokugcina imbobo yokungenisa umoya ingaphazanyiswa. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-electrolyte ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, kubalulekile ukulungisa umlawuli wejeneretha nokunciphisa ukuhamba komoya wokushaja wejeneretha.

3. Vimbela ukumelana negesi kohlelo lokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli

Hlanza izihlungi zedizili, amathangi kaphethiloli kanye nemigqa kawoyela ukuze zihlale zihlanzekile futhi zibushelelezi. Hlola futhi ulungise ingcindezi yokusebenza yephampu kadizili ukuze ihlale ijwayelekile. Uma sekukhona ukumelana negesi, kufanele imiswe ukuze iphole, ihlukanise isixhumi sephayiphi yokungena ye-carburetor, bese uphendula ingalo yephampu kadizili ukuze ugcwalise iphayiphi kawoyela futhi ubuyisele ukunikezwa kukawoyela okuvamile. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukumelana negesi ohlelweni lokunikezwa kukawoyela, i-compress ebandayo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukupholisa ukunikezwa kukawoyela.

Iphedi yokushisa ifakwa phakathi kwesilinda kanye nephampu yedizili, okunciphisa ukushisa okudluliselwa yinjini kuya ephampu yedizili futhi kuvimbele ukukhiqizwa kokumelana nomoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwephampu yedizili kagesi kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kokumelana nomoya.

4. Vimbela ukwehluleka kwamabhuleki

Izimoto zamabhuleki ze-hydraulic, ukuhlola iphampu yamabhuleki kanye nephampu encane, ukufaka esikhundleni uwoyela wamabhuleki, ukukhipha umoya wepayipi lamabhuleki kahle, kanye nokuhlola nokulungisa ukuphakama kwephedali lamabhuleki, izimoto zamabhuleki ezisebenzisa umoya, qaphela ukuhlola isitsha samabhuleki kanye nepayipi lamabhuleki, kutholakale ukuthi umonakalo kufanele ushintshwe ngesikhathi.

5. Yenza umsebenzi omuhle wokulungisa izimoto ngobuchwepheshe ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakeme

Uma ungena esizini yokushisa okuphezulu, yonke imoto kufanele yenziwe ukuhlolwa nokulungiswa kobuchwepheshe okudingekile, okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kokugcinwa kwayo yile: okokuqala, hlola izingxenye zesistimu yokupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphelele futhi iphelele. Ngokuyinhloko ukuhlola ukuvalwa kwesistimu yokupholisa, ukuqina kwebhande lefeni, ukuthi ama-vents nama-vents asembozweni se-radiator abushelelezi yini, ukuthi amanzi okupholisa anele yini, nokuthi i-thermostat isesimweni esihle yini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukususa isikali ngesikhathi, futhi amanzi okupholisa enjini kufanele asetshenziswe njengamanzi athambile noma amanzi aqinile aphathwe ngangokunokwenzeka.

Okwesibili ukuthuthukisa izimo zokugcoba nokunciphisa ukuguguleka kwezingxenye. Okokuqala, kumelwe siqinise ukugcinwa kwezihlungi zomoya kanye nezihlungi zemishini ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile. Ezimotweni ezisetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zothuli, umjikelezo wokushintsha uwoyela wokugcoba kufanele ufinyezwe ngokufanele. Izimoto ezishayela esimweni sezulu esishisayo kufanele zifakwe ama-radiator kawoyela kanye namafutha asezingeni eliphezulu, i-transmission, i-main reducer kanye negiya lokuqondisa ukuze kufakwe uwoyela wegiya elijiyile lasehlobo, ama-wheel bearings ukuze kufakwe uwoyela endaweni yokwehla ephezulu.